在资源有限的环境中,以分散的治疗方式进行集中的抗HIV-1耐药性测试的试点模型
Truong Manh Nguyen1, Giang Van Tran1, Thach Ngoc Pham2
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Global health & medicine
|July 3, 2025
概括
越南的一项试点项目将集中的艾滋病毒耐药性测试与本地治疗相结合,改善了治疗失败的患者的病毒载荷抑制率. 该模型在资源有限的环境中提供临床效益,并且具有有限的ART管理能力.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 药物基因组学 药物基因组学
背景情况:
- 越南面临着有限的HIV耐药性 (DR) 测试和抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 选择的挑战,加之是转向国家社会医疗保险 (SHI) 和分散的治疗.
- 当地医院缺乏管理ART失败的经验,需要创新的方法来确保在新的医疗保健系统下有效的艾滋病毒治疗.
研究的目的:
- 评估一个试点模型,将集中的艾滋病毒耐药性测试与分散的ART在北越实施相结合.
- 根据DR测试结果评估基于定制ART疗程的有效性,以改善治疗失败的患者的病毒载荷抑制.
主要方法:
- 这是一项为期48个月的前性研究,涉及越南北部的7家省级医院和3家医疗机构.
- 每六个月监测病毒载量 (VL);ART失败定义为VL≥1,000副本/毫升,触发DR测试.
- 根据DR测试结果向当地医疗保健提供者提供量身定制的ART建议,并在90天或之后评估随后的VL抑制.
主要成果:
- 在179名ART失败患者中,有170人通过了成功的DR测试,检测到74.12% (126/170) 的突变.
- 与没有遵守ART建议的患者相比,遵守ART建议的患者的VL抑制率 (87.72%) 显着更高 (70.37%,p=0.026).
- 这种积极的关联在地区医院 (87.50%与60.00%,p=0.032) 中显著,但在省级医院 (87.93%与76.47%,p=0.240) 中没有显著.
结论:
- 集中DR测试和分散ART模型在资源有限的环境中证明了临床实用性.
- 这种方法可以提高ART管理能力并改善患者的治疗结果,特别是在管理ART失败的经验有限的领域.
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