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在安哥拉Caluquembe的产科患者中,B型肝炎 (HBsAg) 的患病率,2023-2024年

Anna E Eberwein¹, Priscila Ribeiro Cummings¹, Daniel Cummings¹

¹Hospital Evangélico de Caluquembe, Caluquembe, Huíla, Angola.

|July 3, 2025

概括

在安哥拉农村的孕妇中,乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染率为4.7%. 大多数人都不知道自己的身份,这凸显了在产前护理期间需要进行HBV查以保护新生儿的必要性.

科学领域:

肝病学肝病学是一种肝病学.
传染性疾病传染性疾病
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

在出生时感染乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 会导致慢性疾病,肝硬化,肝癌和死亡.
出生剂量乙肝疫苗对于预防垂直传播和终身疾病至关重要.
关于安哥拉农村孕妇群体中HBV流行情况的数据有限.

研究的目的:

确定安哥拉Huíla省在产妇患者中乙型肝炎表面抗原 (HBsAg) 的患病率.
评估孕妇对乙型肝炎和疫苗接种的知识.
确定在安哥拉农村环境中预防HBV的障碍和促进因素.

主要方法:

在Evangélico de Caluquembe医院对317名围产期妇女进行前性病例系列研究 (2023年11月 - 2024年2月).
对所有参与者进行临床HBsAg检测.
与26名医疗保健工作者进行了关于HBV预防策略的定性访谈.

主要成果:

在受研究的人群中,HBsAg患病率为4.7%.
在研究之前,没有一个HBsAg阳性女性知道自己的感染状况.
对于乙型肝炎和疫苗接种的认识很低 (三分之一的熟悉度);较大儿童的HBV疫苗接种率很低.
医疗保健工作者建议社区召开有关HBV和出生剂量疫苗接种的教育会议.

结论:

产前护理访问为乙型肝炎查提供了关键的机会,因为超过80%的妇女至少参加了一次访问.
将HBsAg查纳入常规产前护理中对于及时干预和预防母婴传播HBV至关重要.
改善对乙型肝炎查的获取和采用对于确保新生儿及时接种出生剂量疫苗至关重要.

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