单剂量和多剂量人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种的比较有效性和免疫性:系统性审查
1Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
BMC public health
|July 3, 2025
概括
一次剂量的人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗,尽管抗体水平较低,但对HPV感染提供了显著的保护. 这种方法为资源有限的环境提供了具有成本效益的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 单剂量人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种简化了分发,降低了成本.
- 现有研究对单剂量HPV疫苗方案的疗效提出了不一致的发现,需要进一步调查.
- 这次系统性审查的PROSPERO注册ID是CRD42024509046.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和调查不同人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗施用频率的影响.
- 评估单剂量与多剂量HPV疫苗接种计划的疗效和免疫性.
主要方法:
- 在包括Cochrane图书馆,Embase,MEDLINE (PubMed) 和CINAHL在内的主要数据库中进行了全面的系统搜索.
- 包括的研究是截至2024年4月发表的随机对照试验,数据提取和质量评估独立进行.
- 偏差风险2工具被用于随机对照试验的质量评估,遵守PRISMA指南.
主要成果:
- 来自四项随机对照试验的六篇出版物,涉及29,415名参与者,报告了疫苗接种后132个月的免疫原性结果.
- 单剂量患者的几何平均度 (GMC) 在2.17~176 EU/mL之间,而三剂量患者的几何平均度在7.92~1045.37 EU/mL之间.
- 疫苗的疗效为一剂的53.9%-100.0%,三剂的72.6%-100.0%,HPV感染发病率分别为0.0%-1.8%和0.0%-0.9%.
结论:
- 单剂量HPV疫苗接种会引起较低的抗体水平,但仍能对HPV感染提供相当大的保护.
- 单剂量策略为HPV预防提供了一个可行的,具有成本效益的替代方案,特别是在资源有限的地区.
- 这种方法解决了与传统的多剂量疫苗接种计划相关的经济和后勤挑战.
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