饮食摄入量和五种类型的精神障碍:双向的门德尔随机化研究
Yichun Zhang1, Mingzhu Zhang2, Qihua Guan2
1Jining Hospital of Xiyuan Hospital of CACMS, Jining, China.
BMC psychiatry
|July 3, 2025
概括
饮食中的宏观营养素摄入量,包括脂肪,蛋白质和碳水化合物,可能会因果关系地影响精神健康状况,如焦虑,双相情感障碍和抑郁症. 了解这些饮食与心理健康的联系对于公共健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 营养精神病学 营养精神病学
- 遗传流行病学遗传流行病学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 精神疾病带来了重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 现有研究表明,不良饮食模式与精神障碍之间存在联系.
- 饮食和心理健康之间的双向关系需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食中巨量营养素摄入量与精神障碍之间的因果关系.
- 使用孟德尔随机化 (MR) 探索双向关联.
- 分析宏观营养素 (碳水化合物,脂肪,蛋白质,糖) 和精神障碍 (焦虑,双相情感障碍,抑郁症,神经病,精神分裂症).
主要方法:
- 使用双向的双样本孟德尔随机化 (MR) 分析.
- 雇佣英国生物银行和其他5个数据集.
- 应用反变量加权 (IVW) 和加权中位数 (WM) 方法,使用MR-Egger和MR-PRESSO进行假设验证.
主要成果:
- 高脂肪和高蛋白饮食与焦虑风险增加有关.
- 高碳水化合物摄入量与双相情感障碍有关;高蛋白摄入量与抑郁症有关.
- 神经症与较高的糖摄入量有关;精神分裂症与所有宏观营养素的摄入量较低有关.
结论:
- 饮食摄入量,特别是宏观营养素,对精神障碍有潜在的因果影响.
- 虽然精神疾病对饮食的影响已知,但饮食对心理健康的影响需要更多的关注.
- 研究结果强调了饮食模式在心理健康病因学中的重要性.
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