在西喜马拉雅高海拔地区探索甲状腺疾病的决定因素:一个地理空间和流行病学研究
Arshad Ahmed1, Kheraj2, Alireza Mohammadi3
1Department of Geography, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, India.
Journal of health, population, and nutrition
|July 3, 2025
概括
高海拔在喜马拉雅部落中显著增加甲状腺疾病的风险. 家庭结构,吸烟和住房等因素影响患病率,需要针对性的公共卫生干预措施.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和环境健康
- 高海拔生理学 高海拔生理学
- 部落健康研究 部落健康研究
背景情况:
- 甲状腺功能受到高海拔环境压力因素的影响,如缺氧和缺.
- 社会经济,人口统计和饮食因素至关重要,特别是对于有先前存在的甲状腺疾病的人来说.
- 这项研究调查了高海拔西部喜马拉雅山脉古贾尔和巴卡尔瓦尔部落的甲状腺疾病 (TDs).
研究的目的:
- 为了确定甲状腺疾病 (TDs) 在古贾尔和巴卡尔瓦尔部落人口的流行率.
- 在这个高海拔地区确定与TDs相关的环境,社会经济和生活方式决定因素.
- 绘制TDs的空间分布图,并验证预测模型.
主要方法:
- 家庭调查评估了与环境,社会经济地位和生活方式相关的风险因素.
- 分层随机抽样选择了50个村庄的816名参与者.
- 用二进制物流回归,GIS映射和ROC分析来识别风险因素并评估模型的准确性.
主要成果:
- 甲状腺疾病 (TDs) 的患病率为18.6%,较高的高度显著增加了这种可能性 (AOR:6.80).
- 与古吉尔人相比,巴卡尔瓦尔人的TD几率较低 (AOR:0.19).
- 风险因素包括大家庭,吸烟,烟草使用,传统住房和特定饮食; 保护因素包括现代住房,教育和盐. 高风险地区位于中高海拔地区.
结论:
- 这种高海拔人口的甲状腺疾病是由环境,人口和生活方式因素的复杂相互作用造成的.
- 定制的公共卫生干预措施对于解决这些决定因素和减少具有挑战性的地理区域的健康差异至关重要.
- 建议在各种高海拔环境中进行进一步的研究,以告知全球甲状腺健康战略.
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