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世界一流的弓箭手在比赛期间的能量摄入,汗流率和电解质损失的性别差异
Ozcan Esen1, Stuart Goodall1,2
1Northumbria University, Department of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
概括
男性弓箭手比女性消耗更多的能量和碳水化合物,但水分水平在比赛期间对两性都保持一致. 这项研究突出了精英射箭运动中性别特定的营养需求.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 关于竞争性射箭运动中能量和宏观营养素摄入量的研究有限.
- 了解这些因素对于优化精确要求的这项运动的表现至关重要.
- 在射箭运动中,生理需求和营养需求的性别差异并未得到充分证实.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估出汗率 (SR),汗液电解质损失和世界级弓箭手在比赛期间的能量摄入量 (EI).
- 研究这些生理和营养参数的潜在性别差异.
- 为精英射箭运动的水分和能量需求提供见解.
主要方法:
- 来自土耳其国家射箭队的八名精英射手 (4名男性,4名女性) 参加了比赛.
- 数据收集持续了四天,包括对水分状态,SR,汗液组成 (Na+,K+) 和营养摄入量的评估.
- 每天在同一时间进行标准化的每日评估.
主要成果:
- 男性弓箭手比女性消耗的能量 (2,889比2,353卡路里) 和碳水化合物 (5.3比3.9克/公斤) 大得多.
- 汗流率和汗流 (K+) 损失在男性中比女性更大.
- 在汗水中的 (Na+) 损失或尿液特异性重力方面没有发现任何显著的性别差异,所有弓箭手都保持了足够的水分.
结论:
- 精英弓箭手的能量和碳水化合物摄入量显示出明显的性别差异,受竞争需求的影响.
- 补水参数,包括汗液电解质损失 (Na+),在男性和女性弓箭手之间保持一致.
- 精英弓箭手通常在比赛期间保持足够的水分,不论性别.
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