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在双语者中,执行功能在50年代是否呈现下降趋势? 从交替口语流利任务的证据
Sneha Roslyn Shaji1, Abhishek Budiguppe Panchakshari1
1All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
Sage open aging
|July 4, 2025
概括
与年轻双语者相比,老年双语者表现出语言流性下降,这表明与年龄相关的执行功能甚至在60岁之前就会下降. 跨类别的交替口语流任务有效地检测到这些变化.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 双语影响认知功能,包括执行功能.
- 老龄化会影响认知能力,特别是执行功能.
- 了解双语执行职能与年龄相关的变化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较年轻和老双语者在跨类别交替口语流性任务上的表现.
- 评估第一语言 (L1) 和第二语言 (L2) 的口头流利程度.
- 确定任务在检测与年龄相关的执行功能下降方面的敏感性.
主要方法:
- 与60名参与者 (18-30岁和50-60岁) 进行横截面研究.
- 参与者在L1和L2中进行了跨类别的交替口语流利任务.
- 任务顺序被平衡;沙皮罗-威尔克和曼-惠特尼U测试被用于分析.
主要成果:
- 年长的双语者表现明显差于年轻的双语者.
- 在老年人群中,L1和L2的表现较差.
- 结果表明,双语个体的执行功能随着年龄的增长而下降.
结论:
- 年龄对双语人士的执行功能产生不利影响,甚至在60岁之前.
- 跨类别的交替口语流性任务在识别50多岁的个体执行功能微妙下降时是有效的.
- 这项任务可以作为对双语者与年龄相关的认知变化的敏感测量.
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