怀孕期间的WIC参与以及按种族和民族分类的低和非常低出生体重
Wendemi Sawadogo1, Nicholas McGuire2, Marian Evans1
1Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Services, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT.
Journal of nutrition education and behavior
|July 4, 2025
概括
在怀孕期间参加妇女,婴儿和儿童 (WIC) 特殊补充营养计划,可以减少所有种族和民族群体的低出生体重. 改善WIC接入可以促进出生结果的健康公平.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 低出生体重是一个重要的公共卫生问题,不成比例地影响某些种族和民族群体.
- 妇女,婴儿和儿童特殊补充营养计划 (WIC) 旨在改善低收入孕妇,婴儿和儿童的营养.
- 了解WIC参与对不同人群出生体重的影响对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查怀孕期间WIC参与与出生体重结果之间的关联.
- 在国家层面上分析这些由种族和民族分层的协会.
主要方法:
- 使用2014-2022年美国出生率数据进行的回顾性队列研究.
- 包括Medicaid覆盖的单子分娩的首次母亲,可获得WIC和出生体重数据.
- 用多变量逻辑回归分析来评估WIC参与对低 (<2,500g) 和非常低 (<1,500g) 出生体重的影响.
主要成果:
- 分析包括3,778,400名母亲,其中69.6%的母亲在怀孕期间参加了WIC.
- 在所有研究的种族和民族群体中,WIC参与与低出生体重的可能性降低有关.
- 具体来说,WIC参与者显示,夏威夷原住民或其他太平洋岛民的低出生体重的几率下降了25%,黑人为20%,美洲印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民为17%,白人母亲为10%.
结论:
- 怀孕期间的WIC参与与不同种族和民族人口中低出生体重的显著减少有关.
- 在怀孕期间提高WIC计划的可访问性和参与度可能是促进出生体重结果健康公平的关键策略.
- 这些发现强调了WIC在缓解婴儿健康差异方面的重要性.
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