和的毒性:新出现的机制,免疫毒性作用,以及未来的研究前景
Rahul Thakur1, Sukhpal Singh2, Aman Chauhan3
1Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India. Rahul.unahp@gmail.com.
概括
和暴露对健康构成严重风险,通过共同和独特的机制影响免疫系统. 对这些金属的联合暴露加剧了毒性,迫切需要对慢性低剂量影响进行紧急研究.
科学领域:
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- (Pb) 和 (As) 是普遍存在的环境毒素,对全球健康有重大影响.
- 众所周知,这些金属会造成严重的免疫和系统性健康风险.
- 了解它们的免疫毒性对于公共卫生和环境安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综合当前关于和的免疫毒性知识.
- 突出共享和独特的细胞毒性机制,包括氧化应激,线粒体功能障碍,免疫失调和表观遗传修饰.
- 要强调研究慢性,低剂量和联合暴露的必要性.
主要方法:
- 对有关和免疫毒性的现有科学文献的综述.
- 对两种金属的细胞和分子作用机制的分析.
- 检查有关同时暴露效应和毒理学建模局限性的证据.
主要成果:
- 抑制CD4+T细胞,改变CD8+和NK细胞的比例,并提高Th2细胞因子 (IL-4,IL-6),增加过敏风险.
- 会破坏IL-6/STAT3信号传递,损害抗病毒反应,并通过NF-κB和HIF-1α促进炎症.
- 同时暴露于和显示了协同毒性,增加了氧化应激标志物 (MDA),细胞因子释放和器官损伤.
结论:
- 和都会诱导氧化应激,线粒体功能障碍,亡和基因毒性.
- 当前的毒理学模型往往忽略了低剂量,慢性和联合暴露场景.
- 迫切需要进行先进的研究,包括慢性研究,人体队列,多金属模型和omics方法,以解决公共卫生风险.
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