衰老改变了口腔微生物组,氧化的生物可用性和血管对酸盐补充剂的反应
Anni Vanhatalo1, Joanna E L'Heureux1, Matthew I Black1
1University of Exeter Medical School, UK.
Free radical biology & medicine
|July 4, 2025
概括
酸盐食补充剂通过降低血压,主要通过抑制有害的口腔细菌,有利于老年人. 这与年轻的成年人形成鲜明对比,在这些成年人中,对血管功能的影响不同. 这项研究强调了与年龄相关的口腔微生物对酸盐的反应.
科学领域:
- 心血管生理学心血管生理学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 氧化 (NO) 在血管功能中起着至关重要的作用.
- 口腔微生物组可以将食中的酸盐转化为酸盐,这是NO的前体.
- 已知血管功能和对干预措施的反应的年龄相关差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究口腔微生物组变化,氧化生物可用性和在食中酸盐和消毒剂口水干预后血管功能之间的关系.
- 为了比较这些干预措施对年轻人和老年人的影响.
主要方法:
- 这是一项安慰剂控制的双盲交叉研究,涉及39名年轻人和36名老年人.
- 干预包括安慰剂 (PL),富含亚酸盐的甜菜汁 (BR) 和消毒口水 (MW) 在两周的时间内进行三次干预,每次有两周的时间.
- 评估了口腔微生物组合,平均动脉压 (MAP) 和流媒体扩张 (FMD).
主要成果:
- 在年轻人与老年人 (P = 0.01) 中,口腔微生物组对BR的反应不同.
- 较年长的成年人在BR (-4±4 mmHg,P = 0.003) 后表现出手臂MAP降低,这与年轻的成年人不同.
- 老年人血压下降与血亚酸盐增加和口腔细菌减少相关 (例如,Prevotella spp. ) 的情况.
结论:
- 与年轻人相比,饮食中酸盐补充剂在老年人中提供更大的血压益处.
- 这些好处主要通过抑制与氨生产相关的潜在有害口腔细菌来实现.
- 特定于年龄的口腔微生物组反应会影响酸盐补充剂对血管健康的有效性.
相关概念视频
01:28Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway
5.2K
Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure...
5.2K
01:19The Effect of Aging on Tissues
2.6K
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
2.6K
01:26Aging
191
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
191
01:16Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers
761
In cardiovascular health, antianginal drugs combat angina pectoris — a condition marked by chest pain owing to diminished blood flow to the heart.
Organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, play a pivotal role. Once metabolized, they liberate nitric oxide, a molecular marvel. Nitric oxide triggers guanylyl cyclase and augments cGMP production. This biochemical cascade orchestrates the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, ushering in vasodilation and enhancing coronary blood flow....
Organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, play a pivotal role. Once metabolized, they liberate nitric oxide, a molecular marvel. Nitric oxide triggers guanylyl cyclase and augments cGMP production. This biochemical cascade orchestrates the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, ushering in vasodilation and enhancing coronary blood flow....
761
01:26Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology
40
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
40
01:23Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators
649
Vasodilators, primarily affecting the smooth muscles within arterial and venous walls, are commonly used for hypertension treatment. Medications such as minoxidil and hydralazine primarily target arteries and arterioles, while sodium nitroprusside acts on arterioles and venules. Minoxidil, functioning as a prodrug, is metabolized by hepatic sulfotransferase into its active form, minoxidil sulfate, after oral administration. This metabolite binds to the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) component of...
649