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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

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部分牙患者口腔植入物加载协议的封闭式与非封闭式模式:系统性审查和元分析

Panagiotis Kourkoutis¹, Rawand Shado², Ines Novo Pereira^3,4

¹Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.

|July 4, 2025

概括

对于部分无牙患者的牙植入物,闭塞负荷和非闭塞负荷都显示出与并发症和边缘骨损失 (MBL) 相似的短期结果. 为了进行长期比较,还需要进一步的研究.

科学领域:

牙科植入物学牙科植入物学
牙修复牙修复牙修复牙修复牙修复
生物材料科学生物材料科学

背景情况:

闭环负荷涉及到植入物支假肢的立即功能接触.
非闭塞负荷最初减轻了接触,随后是随着最终假肢的功能负荷.

研究的目的:

为了比较部分牙患者的闭塞和非闭塞负荷模式的临床结果.
评估植入物存活率,并发症和边际骨损失 (MBL).

主要方法:

来自主要数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Embase) 的随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查.
包括具有证据II级的RCT,重点是部分牙无牙,单冠或固定桥梁的患者.
使用Cochrane偏差风险工具对偏差的评估.

主要成果:

分析了7项涉及273个植入物的RCT,随访时间为1-3年.
负荷组之间1年或3年边际骨损失 (MBL) 没有统计学上显著的差异.
在封闭式和非封闭式负载组之间,并发症率没有显著差异.

结论:

短期 (1-3年) 数据显示,无论是闭塞性还是非闭塞性植入物负载,在并发症和MBL方面都没有显著的临床优势.
未来的研究应该调查功能,美学和患者报告的结果.
建议使用更大的样本大小进行长期研究,以检测潜在的临床差异.

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