在以色列对犬类莱什曼病的回顾性研究
Gad Baneth1, Michal Peri Markovich2, Yaarit Nachum-Biala3
1Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel. gad.baneth@mail.huji.ac.il.
Parasites & vectors
|July 4, 2025
概括
主要由Leishmania infantum引起的犬类莱什曼病在以色列很普遍,构成显著的动物感染风险. 这与人类的莱什曼病形成鲜明对比,主要是皮肤病,突出了严重的公共卫生问题.
科学领域:
- 兽医流行病学 兽医流行病学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 狗和人类的莱什曼病在地中海盆地是特有病,狗是人类感染的关键储库.
- 1994年,犬类莱什曼病首次在以色列中部被发现,从那时起,在狗群中一直被检测到.
研究的目的:
- 分析以色列犬类莱什曼病的流行病学趋势和地理分布.
- 确定负责犬类感染的Leishmania物种,并评估动物传染病的影响.
主要方法:
- 从1994年到2023年,希伯来大学对658只被诊断患有莱什马尼亚感染的狗进行了回顾性分析.
- 在以色列各分区的感染狗的地理地图.
- 对Leishmania的发病率和物种识别 (PCR) 的分析.
主要成果:
- 以色列所有16个分区都报告了感染狗的情况,其中集中在中部和北部地区,最近向南传播.
- 农村地区 (51.8%) 的患病率高于城市地区 (40.6%).
- 在PCR测试的狗中,Leishmania infantum是占主导地位的物种 (84%),与L. major和L. tropica.主导的人类病例不同.
结论:
- 以色列的犬类莱什曼病,主要是L.infantum,代表了人类和其他动物的重大动物性感染库.
- 狗李什曼病的流行病学与以色列的人类李什曼病形成鲜明对比,具有不同的致病物种和疾病表现.
- 这些发现强调了需要综合的"一健康"战略来控制犬类莱什曼病并减轻其动物传染性影响.
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