一项基于数据挖掘的关于21世纪学术出版物撤回的研究
Qian Shen1, Xueyan Gao1, Xiaomeng Xiong1
1College of Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Accountability in research
|July 5, 2025
概括
学术撤回正在上升,在2023年达到顶峰. 生物医学撤回源于造纸厂和数据问题,而计算机科学撤回涉及归因和不可靠的结果,突出需要更好的研究完整性监测.
科学领域:
- 综合分析跨多个科学学科的学术撤回.
- 专注于六个具有大量收缩数量的受试者.
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,越来越多地关注学术撤回.
- 大规模收缩数据的可用性使得系统分析成为可能.
研究的目的:
- 系统地分析21世纪的学术撤回.
- 确定撤回的趋势,原因和促成因素.
- 为监测研究不当行为提供建议.
主要方法:
- 使用BERTopic,阿普里奥里算法和数据可视化技术.
- 分析了截至2025年6月4日的撤回出版物的数据集.
- 检查了6名受试者,每个受试者进行了6000多次撤回.
主要成果:
- 撤回计数显示持续上升,在2010年和2020-2023年大幅增加,在2023年达到顶峰.
- 生物医学撤回主要由造纸厂和数据/图像操纵驱动;第三方经常发起调查.
- 计算机科学撤回与引用/归因和不可靠的结果相关;期刊/出版商经常发起调查.
结论:
- 学术撤回在各学科中越来越令人担忧.
- 在不同领域存在不同的撤回原因,需要定制的监测策略.
- 提出可行的建议,以加强对研究不当行为的监控.
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