意大利在1999/00至2023/24期间的流感疫苗接种覆盖率:一个结合点回归分析
Andrea Zaino1, Michele Bonacquisti1, Luigi Russo2
1Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Osservatorio Nazionale sulla Salute nelle Regioni Italiane - Osservasalute, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Journal of infection and public health
|July 5, 2025
概括
意大利的流感疫苗接种覆盖率仍然很低,特别是在老年人和儿童群体中,未能达到世卫组织的目标. 流行病后的覆盖率有所下降,这表明需要改进公共卫生战略来打击流感.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 流感对全球健康和经济造成了重大负担,意大利每年都经历大量的流行病.
- 接种疫苗是主要的预防方法,但意大利的覆盖率,特别是在老年人中,低于世界卫生组织 (WHO) 75%的目标.
- 本研究分析了意大利在1999/2000年至2023/2024年期间流感疫苗接种覆盖率的趋势.
研究的目的:
- 分析意大利不同年龄组流感疫苗接种范围的时间趋势.
- 为了在24年时间内确定接种疫苗的重大变化和模式.
- 根据世卫组织的建议评估覆盖率.
主要方法:
- 利用意大利卫生部关于流感疫苗接种覆盖率的数据.
- 包括跨越1999/2000至2023/2024年流感季节的数据.
- 员工加入点回归分析以确定覆盖趋势的年度百分比变化 (APC) 和平均年度百分比变化 (AAPC).
主要成果:
- 疫苗接种覆盖率在不同年龄组之间有显著差异,儿童群体的接种率最低 (<10%除了COVID-19期间).
- 老年人口从未达到世卫组织75%的目标,在2005/2006年达到68.3%的峰值.
- 虽然疫情期间覆盖率增加,但随后在大多数年龄组的覆盖率下降到大流行前的水平,尽管AAPC趋势普遍上升 (15-17岁除外).
结论:
- 意大利流感疫苗接种覆盖率仍低于推值,特别是在高危人群中.
- 流行病后观察到覆盖率有着令人担忧的下降趋势,这与不断增加的疫苗犹有关.
- 多方面的策略,包括扩展计划,学校倡议,医疗保健工作者参与和公众宣传活动,对于改善流感的覆盖率和减少流感的影响至关重要.
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