在欧洲,奶羊种群的气候适应性各不相同
M J Carabaño1, V Tsartsianidou2, D Hazard3
1Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, INIA-CSIC, Ctra de La Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
概括
奶羊品种在对热负荷的反应上有所不同. 高生产率的品种对热和冷应激有更大的敏感性,这表明由于气候变化需要采用减热策略或选择耐热品种.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 乳制品生产 乳制品生产
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 欧洲的奶羊部门是多样化的,拥有众多的品种,环境和选择方案.
- 了解特定品种对热负荷的反应对于可持续的奶羊养殖至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述欧洲奶羊品种在种群和个体水平上对热负荷 (TL) 的生产反应.
- 评估热冷应激对五种品种牛奶,脂肪和蛋白质产量的影响:Asaf (As),Chios (Ch),Lacaune (Lc),Latxa (Lt) 和Manchega (Mn).
主要方法:
- 利用来自682,972只羊群的827只羊群的生产数据,结合历史气象数据.
- 在混合模型框架中使用多项式函数的反应规范模型来分析品种对热变化的反应.
主要成果:
- 观察到人群对TL的反应有显著的变化;Manchega (Mn) 和Chios (Ch) 品种对寒冷的敏感性更高,而Latxa (Lt) 则表现出更高的耐寒性.
- 由于Asaf (As) 和Lacaune (Lc) 品种更强烈地选择和生产,它们对分别冷和热应激的敏感性最高,导致更大的生产损失.
- 在个体生产水平和耐热性之间发现了负相关性,Lacaune (Lc) 显示了最强的对立性,突出了在更温暖的条件下高产动物面临的挑战.
结论:
- 奶羊品种在适应热应激方面有所不同,这对未来的育种和管理策略有影响.
- 气候变化需要实施减热策略或将耐热性纳入选计划,特别是对于温暖气候和高生产系统的品种.
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