MPNN-CWExplainer:一个增强的深度学习框架,用于对HIV药物生物活性进行预测,并具有类权重的损失和可解释性
Aga Basit Iqbal1, Assif Assad1, Basharat Bhat2
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
Life sciences
|July 5, 2025
概括
一个新的深度学习模型,MPNN-CWExplainer,增强了对人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 生物活性的预测. 这种可解释的框架确定了药物发现的关键分子特征.
科学领域:
- 计算化学是一种计算化学.
- 机器学习在药物发现中的作用
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 构成一个重大的全球健康挑战,需要先进的治疗策略超出目前的抗逆转录病毒疗法,由于药物耐药性和病毒突变.
- 开发新型治疗需要改进的方法来预测分子生物活性,并了解底层结构-活性关系.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用一种新的深度学习框架,提高预测人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 生物活性的准确性.
- 为影响艾滋病毒生物活性的分子决定因素提供可解释的见解,帮助药物化学家.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个基于图形的深度学习框架,MPNN-CWExplainer,集成一个消息传递神经网络 (MPNN) 与一个类加权损失函数.
- 使用GNNExplainer进行了后期解释,识别了为生物活性预测做出贡献的关键原子和键子结构.
- 用贝叶斯超参数优化和多个独立运行来确保模型的稳定性.
主要成果:
- 在HIV数据集上,MPNN-CWExplainer实现了最先进的性能,AUC-ROC为87.63%,AUC-PRC为86.02%.
- 按阶级加权的方法改善了少数阶级在数据集中的代表性.
- GNNExplainer成功地确定了与生物活性相关的化学相关亚结构.
结论:
- MPNN-CWExplainer框架为HIV生物活性预测提供了更好的准确性和可解释性,这对于计算药物发现至关重要.
- 这种可解释的工具支持药物化学家理解模型预测,并在优化和分子设计过程中做出明智的决策.
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