铁矿石颗粒生产对环境的影响:通过生命周期评估对开采矿进行研究
Giancarlo Alfonso Lovón-Canchumani1, Francisco M S Lima2, Marcelo Guimarães Araujo3
1Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Rua Doutor João Maximiano, 426, Vila Operária, Jandaia do Sul 86900-000, PR, Brazil; Centro de Tecnologia Mineral - CETEM, Av. Pedro Calmon, 900, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-908, Brazil.
The Science of the total environment
|July 6, 2025
概括
这项研究评估了巴西铁矿石颗粒生产对环境的影响. 主要影响包括颗粒物排放,化石燃料的气候变化和矿物资源的枯竭,水电和水的再利用等解决方案提供了缓解.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生命周期评估 生命周期评估
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
背景情况:
- 巴西是矿产资源的全球领导者,采矿业对其经济做出了重大贡献.
- 巴西广泛的采矿业对环境的影响仍然不完全理解.
- 铁矿石颗粒生产是一个关键的子行业,有可能对环境产生重大影响.
研究的目的:
- 在巴西进行铁矿石颗粒生产的生命周期评估 (LCA).
- 确定和量化与采矿,优化,运输和颗粒化相关的主要环境影响.
- 为了评估出口铁矿石颗粒的环境足迹,从摇篮到门.
主要方法:
- 使用生命周期评估 (LCA) 方法,遵守ISO 14040/14044标准.
- 定义功能单位为一铁矿石颗粒,含有68%的Fe.
- 通过技术现场考察和2013年报告收集的初级数据,用于特定的露天矿山案例研究.
主要成果:
- 开放式采矿期间的颗粒物排放是人类健康影响的主要驱动因素.
- 气候变化影响,源于化石燃料在受益阶段的燃烧,主导生态系统类别.
- 矿产资源的耗尽被确定为资源消耗类别中最重要的影响.
结论:
- 实施水电,输送带和水再利用技术可以显著减少铁矿石颗粒生产对环境的负担.
- 解决颗粒物问题,化石燃料依赖和资源枯竭对于巴西的可持续采矿实践至关重要.
- 该研究为环境管理和在铁矿石行业采用更清洁的技术提供了定量基础.
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