细菌和古生物ESCRT-III类系统的演变和机制
1Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Current opinion in structural biology
|July 6, 2025
概括
传输-III (ESCRT-III) 系统所需的古老的内体细胞分类复合体,对于膜重塑至关重要,在细菌和古生物中得到保护. 研究了它的进化起源和在真核生成中的功能,揭示了保存的机制和适应.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 生物化学 生化学
背景情况:
- 运输-III (ESCRT-III) 所需的内体细胞分类复合体是一种参与膜重塑的保存蛋白机器.
- 最近的研究表明,它存在于细菌和古生物中,这表明它具有古老的进化起源.
- 通过阿斯加德古生物系,ESCRT-III系统与真核生成有关.
研究的目的:
- 探索ESCRT-III在细菌和古生物中的结构动态,进化路径和生物作用.
- 了解ESCRT-III功能在膜雕塑中的基本机制.
- 突出ESCRT-III系统在生活的不同领域中保留的原则和独特的适应.
主要方法:
- 遗传学分析来追踪进化起源.
- 结构分析以了解蛋白质组合和动态.
- 对细菌和考古ESCRT-III系统的现有文献的审查.
主要成果:
- 在细菌,古生物和真核生物中保存ESCRT-III蛋白质,比最后一个普世共同祖先更早.
- 细菌ESCRT-III系统,通常更简单,作为膜传感和雕塑的模型.
- 在实验室中,ESCRT-III聚合成纤维,覆盖膜,特别是具有正曲率的膜.
结论:
- 超级家族ESCRT-III在所有生命领域的细胞过程中发挥着基本作用.
- 了解 prokaryotes 中的 ESCRT-III 提供了对其在真核细胞起源中的作用的见解.
- 共同的机制原则和多样化的适应突出了ESCRT-III系统的多功能性.
相关概念视频
CRISPR and crRNAs
17.4K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
17.4K
Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems
163
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
163
Diversity of Archaea III
80
Crenarchaeota, a prominent phylum of Archaea, is remarkable for its ability to thrive in extreme environments characterized by high temperatures and acidity. These microorganisms inhabit sulfuric hot springs, volcanic systems, and submarine hydrothermal vents, where temperatures often exceed 100°C. The unique adaptations of Crenarchaeota not only allow survival under such extreme conditions but also provide insights into the mechanisms of life in primordial Earth-like...
80
Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion
90
Bacterial protein secretion involves translocation systems to ensure proteins reach their designated locations, including the plasma membrane, periplasm, outer membrane, or the external environment. These translocation systems are vital for bacterial physiology, supporting processes like membrane assembly, enzymatic activity in the periplasm, and interactions with the external environment. The division of labor between Sec and Tat pathways ensures efficiency in handling proteins with diverse...
90
The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR
134
CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
134
Surface Appendages of Archaea
183
Archaeal surface appendages are highly specialized structures essential for environmental adaptation, encompassing roles in adhesion, biofilm formation, and motility. Among these appendages, pili and archaella stand out for their distinct morphologies and functionalities, enabling archaea to thrive in diverse and often extreme environments.Pili: Adhesion and Biofilm FormationPili are filamentous structures assembled from pilin protein subunits, primarily contributing to adhesion and biofilm...
183


