新的阿片类药物使用和老年痴呆症患者的死亡率
Christina Jensen-Dahm1, Janet Janbek1, Thomas Munk Laursen2
1Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
|July 7, 2025
概括
新型阿片类药物的使用显著增加了老年痴呆症患者的死亡风险. 这项研究发现,开始服用阿片类药物的痴呆症患者在180天内死亡的风险增加了五倍,这突显了严重的患者安全问题.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 在被诊断患有痴呆症的老年人中,阿片类药物的使用是常见的.
- 以前的研究将阿片类药物使用与一般人群死亡率的增加联系在一起,但对痴呆症患者的数据很少.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定是否开始阿片类药物治疗与老年痴呆症患者的过度死亡率有关.
- 为了比较开始使用阿片类药物和不开始使用阿片类药物的痴呆症患者之间的死亡率.
主要方法:
- 一项匹配的队列研究利用了丹麦全国性的登记册,包括在2008-2018年间被诊断患有痴呆症的65岁以上的个人.
- 暴露被定义为第一个阿片类药物处方后痴呆症诊断,具有1年的洗期.
- 考克斯的比例危险模型被用来分析180天内所有原因的死亡率,并对混因素进行调整.
主要成果:
- 超过42%的患有痴呆症的老年人开始服用阿片类药物处方.
- 与非使用者相比,阿片类药物使用者在180天内面临的死亡风险 (调整后危险比率:5.06) 增加了五倍.
- 通过皮肤使用芬太尼的相关死亡风险甚至更高 (8.26).
结论:
- 服用阿片类药物与老年痴呆症患者的显著过度死亡率有关.
- 增加的风险可能源于阿片类药物本身,需要治疗的潜在疾病或两者.
- 进一步的研究至关重要,以了解这些关联,并改善这种脆弱人群的患者安全.
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