印度非最佳慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 管理:基于社区的研究结果
Prashant Jarhyan1, Anastasia Hutchinson2, Rajesh Khatkar1
1Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries (CCCI), Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India.
概括
慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 影响北印度8.6%的成年人,特别是吸烟者,意识和治疗率较低. 这突显了管理这种常见的呼吸道疾病的重大差距.
科学领域:
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 是印度疾病负担的主要原因之一.
- 印度缺乏关于COPD患病率,意识和治疗的全面数据.
研究的目的:
- 确定印度北部索尼帕特地区40岁及以上成年人中COPD的患病率,意识和治疗率.
- 在研究群体中识别COPD意识和治疗方面的差异.
主要方法:
- 一项基于社区的横截面研究使用多阶段随机抽样进行.
- 通过自我报告,查问卷 (肺功能问卷),口袋螺旋计,并通过支气管扩张后螺旋计确认COPD的诊断.
- 关于意识和治疗 (支气管扩展剂,皮质类固醇) 的数据是通过受过培训的社区卫生工作者采访收集的.
主要成果:
- 根据年龄标准化的COPD患病率为8.6% (95%CI:7.5-9.8),男性和农村人口的患病率更高.
- 总体而言,COPD的认识率为75.1%,但目前吸烟者 (29.6%) 和轻度COPD患者 (4.8%) 显著下降.
- 只有45.7%的COPD患者报告服用处方支气管扩展剂和/或皮质类固醇.
结论:
- 在这个北印度人口中,对于COPD存在相当大的认识和治疗差距.
- 加强公共卫生系统和医疗保健提供者培训对于改善COPD管理至关重要.
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