环境温度与特定原因的呼吸急诊室访问之间的关联在中国兰州:一个时间序列研究
Hongran Ma1, Furong Qu1, Jiyuan Dong2
1School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
International journal of biometeorology
|July 7, 2025
概括
极端的温度,冷和热,显著增加了急诊室的呼吸系统疾病 (RD) 的访问. 儿童特别容易受到这些与温度有关的风险的影响,这凸显了有针对性的公共卫生干预措施的必要性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 环境温度对呼吸道疾病 (RD) 急诊室 (ER) 访问的影响尚不清楚,特别是在半干旱地区.
- 呼吸道疾病包括诸如上呼吸道感染 (URTI),肺炎,慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 和支气管炎等疾病.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查环境温度和急救诊所对中国兰州的总和特定原因呼吸道疾病的访问之间的关联.
- 根据年龄和性别,探索与温度相关的ER风险的变化.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种准-波伊森的通用添加模型 (GAM) 和一个分布式滞后非线性模型 (DLNM).
- 分析了2013年至2019年呼吸系统疾病的每日ER访问数据.
- 根据性别和年龄组进行了分层分析.
主要成果:
- 与中位温度 (12.9°C) 相比,极低的温度 (-6.7°C) 和极高的温度 (27.9°C) 与总呼吸道疾病的急诊次数增加有关.
- 低温增加了总和特定RDs的风险,而高温显著影响了总RD,URTI和支气管炎.
- 儿童 (≤14岁) 对极端环境温度的敏感性更高.
结论:
- 环境温度显著影响急诊室对呼吸道疾病的诊断,冷和热都会带来风险.
- 儿童是脆弱群体,需要采取针对极端温度的特殊保护措施.
- 研究结果支持制定针对性公共卫生战略,以预防和管理呼吸系统疾病.
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