对儿童进行ASD评估的纵向分析:探索未经证实ASD诊断的个体的结果
Shlomit Tsafrir1,2, Ran Barzilay3, Doron Gothelf4,5
1Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel. Shlomit.Tsafrir@sheba.health.gov.il.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|July 7, 2025
概括
对自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 进行评估但未被诊断的儿童经常患有多动症和学习障碍. 许多人需要持续的护理,有些人后来被诊断为ASD.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿科心理学 儿科心理学
- 临床儿童心理学 临床儿童心理学
背景情况:
- 诊断自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一个挑战,因为重叠的症状和频繁的并发症.
- 了解最初被指向ASD评估但未被诊断的儿童的结果对于有效的护理至关重要.
- 这种人群的长期诊断轨迹和治疗模式尚未明确.
研究的目的:
- 探索儿童的临床和发育结果,这些儿童被推进行ASD评估,但未被诊断为ASD.
- 描述这个特定的儿科组的长期诊断变化和治疗模式.
- 将结果与被诊断患有自闭症的匹配队列进行比较.
主要方法:
- 对37名被评估为ASD但未被诊断的儿童 (1-13岁) 的回顾性队列研究 (非ASD组).
- 包括在2011-2017年期间被诊断患有ASD的32名儿童的对照组.
- 经过审查的电子病历 2-9年后评估诊断变化,服务使用和治疗.
主要成果:
- 非ASD和ASD组都显示出显著的损伤和高的服务利用率.
- 在这两组中,注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 是常见的;在非ASD组中,特定学习障碍 (SLD) 更为普遍.
- 大约20%的非ASD组在随访时接受了ASD诊断;大多数儿童接受了精神药物治疗,主要是兴奋剂.
结论:
- 被转诊进行自闭症评估但未被诊断的儿童往往具有严重的障碍和伴随性疾病,如ADHD和SLD.
- 这种人群需要持续的,多方面的护理,强调需要长期监测.
- 针对性干预和持续评估对于最初呈现潜在ASD症状的儿童至关重要.
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