聊天GPT在回答脏病医生住院问题的表现:巴西的一项试点研究
Helvécio Neves Feitosa Filho1, João Filipe Cavalcante Uchoa Furtado1, Eduardo Correia Eulálio1
1Universidade de Fortaleza, Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia
|July 7, 2025
概括
在回答病学问题时,ChatGPT-4显著超过了ChatGPT-3.5,在慢性病和球细胞疾病等关键领域表现出卓越的表现. 需要进一步的研究来增强人工智能工具在科的应用.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医学教育 医学教育
背景情况:
- 像ChatGPT这样的人工智能 (AI) 工具越来越多地被整合到医学教育中,因此需要评估它们的性能.
- 在专业医疗领域 (如科) 评估人工智能能力,对于了解它们的潜力和局限性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估和比较ChatGPT 4和ChatGPT 3.5在回答巴西医疗住院考试中的脏病学问题的表现.
- 在科中确定人工智能模型优秀或扎的特定领域.
主要方法:
- 分析了411个多选项脏病学问题的数据集,包括带图像的问题.
- 聊天GPT-4专门回答基于图像的问题,而两种版本都解决了四个主题的基于文本的问题:CKD,HABD,TID和GD.
- 使用统计分析,包括千-平方测试,以确定性能差异.
主要成果:
- 聊天GPT-4的整体准确率为79.80%,明显高于聊天GPT-3.5的56.29% (p < 0.001).
- 在所有测试的脏病学主题 (HABD,TID,CKD,GD) 中,ChatGPT-4表现出卓越的性能.
- 对于基于图像的问题 (54.54%) 与基于文本的问题 (81.49%) 相比,ChatGPT-4的准确性各不相同,心电图分析的性能较低 (60%).
结论:
- 与ChatGPT-4.5相比,ChatGPT-3.5在病学推理方面表现出显著的局限性.
- 该研究强调需要进一步研究各种科主题,以优化人工智能在医学培训中的实用性.
- 限制包括基于图像的小问题样本和使用可能过时的考试内容.
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