春晚的尿素应用增加了明显的二氧化碳等效排放,但秋季和夏季的应用没有增加
G W Reicks1, D E Clay1, S A Clay1
1Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.
Journal of environmental quality
|July 8, 2025
概括
与植物需求同步化肥的应用可以减少温室气体排放. 在秋季末或夏季初应用尿素导致三周内最低的表面二氧化碳等价值 (CO2ea).
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
背景情况:
- 假设同步 (N) 肥的应用与植物的N吸收,以提高N的使用效率并减少酸盐出和温室气体排放等环境影响.
- 有限的研究存在,以实证同步N肥料应用时间对环境结果的好处.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同尿素应用日期和速率对表面二氧化碳等效 (CO2ea) 的影响.
- 在各种尿素应用时间下量化温室气体排放 (N2O,CO2,CH4).
主要方法:
- 进行了一项完全随机的实地实验,采用六个尿素应用日期 (初秋至中夏) 和两个速率 (0和224公斤N ha-1).
- 土壤温度,湿度和温室气体流量 (N2O,CO2,CH4) 在应用后的21天内每4小时测量一次.
- 温室气体被转换为二氧化碳等价值 (CO2ea),并总计总排放量.
主要成果:
- 延迟尿素的应用从早到晚秋显著减少CO2ea从69,375到18,420gCO2ea (公×天) -1.
- 春晚到夏季期间的CO2ea排放在三个申请日期中是一致的,平均为101,500gCO2ea (公×天) -1.
- 应用后三周内最低的CO2ea值在土壤温度低于10°C的秋季应用或在夏季早期应用时观察到.
结论:
- 在秋季晚期 (低于10°C) 或夏季初应用尿素可以最大限度地减少短期温室气体排放 (CO2ea).
- 目前的发现表明,同步的N应用时间,特别是在较冷的秋季条件或夏季初,可以减轻环境影响.
- 建议进行进一步的全赛季研究,以全面评估秋季,春季和夏季尿素应用策略的长期CO2ea影响.
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