印度青少年无症状支气管过敏反应的患病率:来自APEAL研究的见解
Padukudru Anand Mahesh1, Mohammed Kaleem Ullah2,3, Mandya Venkateshmurthy Greeshma2
1Department of Respiratory Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
概括
无症状支气管过敏反应 (BHR) 影响4%的印度青少年,与年龄,营养不良和PM2.5暴露有关. 早期的螺旋计查可以识别BHR并预防慢性呼吸道疾病.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 支气管过敏反应 (BHR) 是气道炎症的早期标志物,也是慢性呼吸道疾病 (CRD) 的前体.
- 在流行病学查中,BHR的认可不足,特别是在像印度这样的高暴露地区.
- 无症状的BHR可能会在症状疾病之前出现,这突出了早期检测方法的需要.
研究的目的:
- 评估印度青少年无症状BHR的患病率和负担.
- 在这个人群中确定与BHR相关的因素.
- 评估客观的气道可逆性措施在查中的有用性.
主要方法:
- 对APEAL研究的二次分析,该研究涉及4141名没有呼吸道症状的青少年 (11-14岁).
- 肺功能测试 (PFTs) 测量了1秒内 (FEV1) 的强迫呼气体积. 支气管扩展前后.
- BHR定义为支气管扩展后FEV1增加≥12%和≥200毫升;分析了人体,社会经济和环境因素.
主要成果:
- 4.0%的青少年 (165/4141) 患有无症状的BHR,不同城市有差异 (孟买5.6%,德里4.5%,班加罗尔4.2%,迈苏鲁2.3%).
- 年轻的年龄和更高的PM2.5暴露 (≥64.1μg/m3) 与增加的BHR风险显著相关.
- 体重不足增加了严重空气流量限制的风险,而超重似乎是保护性的; 孟买居民的中度/严重空气流量限制的几率低于班加罗尔居民.
结论:
- 无症状的BHR在城市印度青少年中普遍存在,与年龄,营养不良和PM2.5暴露有关.
- 基于症状的查不足以检测早期的气道异常.
- 建议在学校进行螺旋计查,以早期识别BHR并降低CRD风险.
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