高致病性禽流感病毒在迁徙猛禽中引起的死亡率增加
Neil Paprocki1, Jeff Kidd2, Courtney J Conway3
1Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit University of Idaho Moscow Idaho USA.
Ecology and evolution
|July 8, 2025
概括
高致病性禽流感病毒 (HPAIV) 导致严重的粗腿死亡率,病因特定率为28%. 遥测数据显示,HPAIV死亡是附加的,在迁移期间影响人口.
科学领域:
- 野生动物疾病生态学 野生动物疾病生态学
- 鸟类病理学 鸟类病理学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 自2021年以来,高度致病性禽流感病毒 (HPAIV) 已导致野生鸟类,特别是猛禽的广泛死亡.
- 追踪野生鸟类移动的遥测研究对于了解像HPAIV这样的疾病对人口水平的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用遥测数据,评估HPAIV对粗腿 (Buteo lagopus) 种群的影响.
- 为了确定这种猛禽物种中HPAIV的特定原因死亡率和贡献因素.
主要方法:
- 在2022-2023年北美航道的HPAIV爆发期间,分析了71只粗腿的运动数据.
- 确定了死亡事件,在一些病例中确认了HPAIV,在其他病例中估计了HPAIV.
- 具体原因和整体死亡率被计算并与基线水平进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在粗腿中,估计有28%的HPAIV特定原因死亡率被观察到.
- 在疫情爆发期间,总死亡率 (47%) 显著高于基线率 (3%-17%),表明增加死亡率.
- 在繁殖前迁徙期间,HPAIV死亡率集中在中央和大西洋飞道,在2022年4月达到峰值.
结论:
- 远程测量数据确定了大陆范围的HPAIV死亡事件在粗腿,可能会加剧人口减少.
- 暴露于HPAIV可能是通过食或捕食受感染的水禽而发生的.
- 监测移动数据对于识别死亡率来源和了解人口变化的驱动因素是有价值的.
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