解构风险选择的神经预测因子
Leili Mortazavi1, Charlene C Wu1, Elnaz Ghasemi1
1Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
PNAS nexus
|July 8, 2025
概括
神经成像显示,不同的大脑电路预测了风险与安全的选择. 核 (NAcc) 和中间前额叶皮层 (MPFC) 的活动预测了风险承担,而前端岛屿 (AIns) 的活动预测了安全性,这对现实生活中的财务决策有影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 决策科学 决策科学 决策科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 导航风险对于生存至关重要,涉及预测收益和避免损失.
- 神经成像研究试图预测风险选择,但对潜在的神经机制缺乏共识.
- 了解风险偏好的神经基础对于解释各种人类行为至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 识别和区分潜在的神经机制 风险与安全的选择.
- 测试不同任务和个人的选择神经预测器的概括性.
- 研究决策过程中的神经活动与现实生活中的财务结果之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 四个功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 研究,共有230名参与者.
- 使用单变量和多变量模型预测逐个试验的博选择.
- 在独立样本和不同的博任务中复制和概括发现.
主要成果:
- 清晰的预选神经活动预测了风险 (内核[NAcc]和中部前额叶皮层[MPFC]) 与安全 (前端岛屿[AIns]) 的选择.
- 三重分离证实了这些预测因素是特定于选择,而不是感觉或运动过程.
- NAcc/MPFC活动与风险偏好相关,AIns活动与安全偏好相关.
- 在预测风险博期间预选AI的活动与较低的现实债务有关.
结论:
- 收的发现揭示了风险和安全选择的独特,可复制的神经预测器.
- 这些神经机制在分析方法,任务和个体中概括.
- 风险评估期间的神经活动具有现实世界的影响,可能与财务福祉有关.
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