走向复杂的生态:关于巴西瘟疫历史的论文 (1890年代-1970年代)
Matheus Alves Duarte da Silva1
1University of St Andrews United Kingdom.
Dynamis (Granada, Spain)
|July 8, 2025
概括
这项研究对巴西瘟疫的历史进行了周期化分析,揭示了从人类传播到复杂的动物生态学的理解转变. 公共卫生观点演变,在20世纪70年代将野生动物纳入作为关键水库.
科学领域:
- * 科学史 关于科学史
- * 流行病学 流行病学
- * * 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 瘟疫 (Yersinia pestis) 在巴西有着悠久的历史,人们对其传播的理解随着时间的推移而演变.
- * 专家和公共卫生官员的观点塑造了瘟疫的框架和控制.
- *巴西瘟疫的生态复杂性在整个20世纪增加.
研究的目的:
- *根据不断发展的专家框架和流行病学推理,对巴西瘟疫的历史进行周期化.
- *分析知识和制度的变化,以了解瘟疫的传播和持续性.
- * 突出转向对瘟疫传播的生态视角的转变.
主要方法:
- * 关于巴西瘟疫的专家意见和公共卫生战略的历史分析.
- * 检查不同时间段对瘟疫的感知载体和存储库的变化.
- *根据流行病学转变,将瘟疫史分为三个不同的阶段.
主要成果:
- *第一阶段 (1897-1920年):从人/物体传播转向大鼠和跳传播.
- *第二阶段 (1920-1950年):大鼠在城市和农村瘟疫解释中的优势.
- *第三阶段 (1951-1970年代):包括野生动物,将其作为主要水库.
结论:
- * 了解巴西的瘟疫生态在20世纪逐渐变得更加复杂.
- *政治和制度的转变影响了有关瘟疫的流行病学推理.
- * 到20世纪70年代初,野生动物被认为是瘟疫持续的主要储备.
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