社区脆弱性指南针:一种新的,可扩展的方法来测量和可视化健康洞察力的社会决定因素
Yolande Pengetnze1, Venkatraghavan Sundaram1, Yusuf Tamer1
1Parkland Center for Clinical Innovation (PCCI), Dallas, TX 75247, United States.
JAMIA open
|July 8, 2025
概括
社区脆弱性指南针 (CVC) 在社区和个人层面准确地测量健康的社会决定因素 (SDOH). 这种新的数字工具的性能优于可扩展的SDOH评估的现有索引.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
背景情况:
- 现有的健康社会决定因素 (SDOH) 指数缺乏在规模上衡量社区和个人层面因素的能力.
- 准确测量SDOH对于了解健康差异和针对干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定新的社区脆弱性指南针 (CVC) 数字工具是否可以在规模上准确地测量社区和个人级别的SDOH.
- 将CVC的性能与现有的SDOH测量工具进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在德克萨斯州 (2018-2024) 使用帕克兰健康电子健康记录和国家数据集进行了一项横截面研究.
- 社区脆弱性指数 (CVI) 和子指数被用来对人口普查区组和个人进行分类.
- 在社区层面,CVC与区域贫困指数 (ADI),社会脆弱性指数 (SVI) 和环境正义指数 (EJI) 相比较.
- 个人层面的比较使用了SDOH选工具和Z码文档.
主要成果:
- 社区一级的CVI与EJI (r=0.83),SVI (r=0.82) 和ADI (r=0.79) 有很强的相关性.
- 个人水平的CVI显示了比ADI (39%) 更高的召回率 (68%) 和自我报告的SDOH (77%-79.6%) 的高召回率.
- 精度因SDOH需求而异,食品需求最高 (75.1%),安全需求最低 (1.2%).
结论:
- 社区脆弱性指南针 (CVC) 准确地测量了广泛的社区社会脆弱性.
- CVC有效地接近个人级别的SDOH,表现优于现有指数.
- CVC 是用于SDOH测量的可扩展和准确的数字工具.
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