人类分离的流感A (H10N5) 病毒的致病性,传染性和受体结合
Mengchan Hao1,2, Jiaying Wu1,2, Lina Ji3
1State Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
mBio
|July 8, 2025
概括
新型H10N5禽流感病毒 (AIV) 可以感染人类细胞和小鼠,但不会在几内亚猪之间传播. 虽然目前的公共卫生风险很低,但它的双受体结合表明未来跨物种传播的潜力.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 人类感染H10型流感病毒 (H10N8,H10N3) 已被记录.
- 第一个全球人类H10N5禽流感病毒 (AIV) 共感染病例是在2024年1月在中国报告的.
- 同时,从野生鸟类中分离出类似的H10N5菌株,需要评估其动物感染潜力.
研究的目的:
- 评估新型H10N5 AIV的动物性特征和公共卫生风险.
- 系统地评估人类肺细胞的复制,小鼠的毒性,豚鼠的传播以及H10N5和H10N8菌株的受体结合.
- 为针对新兴的AIV提供公共卫生预防策略的见解.
主要方法:
- 使用人类肺上皮细胞进行体外研究以评估病毒复制.
- 在BALB/c小鼠体内研究以确定病原性和致死性.
- 几内亚猪的传播实验 (直接接触和空气传播) 来评估传播.
- 对受体结合性质的分析 (鸟类与人类).
主要成果:
- 新型H10N5分离物有效地感染并复制在人类肺上皮细胞中.
- H10N5感染小鼠没有适应,导致显著的致病性和死亡.
- 在几内亚猪中,H10N5并没有通过直接接触或通过空气传播传播,与可传播的H10N8.8不同.
- H10N5表现出双受体结合,对鸟类受体的亲和力更强.
结论:
- 目前,H10N5 AIV所带来的公共卫生风险被认为是低的.
- 尽管H10N5在哺乳动物中的传播能力有限,但它具有感染哺乳动物的潜力.
- 双受体结合特征和偶尔的人类溢出事件表明未来跨物种传播的潜在风险.
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