在学龄儿童中,结构性和务实的语言技能与休息状态功能连接性有关
Julia C Hoyda1, Hannah J Stewart2, Jennifer Vannest3
1University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA. hoydajc@mail.uc.edu.
Brain imaging and behavior
|July 8, 2025
概括
语言困难的儿童在语言网络中表现出神经连接的减少. 这项研究发现,对于具有结构性和务实性语言挑战的儿童,与语言处理相关的大脑区域的功能连接性下降.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
背景情况:
- 语言困难在学龄儿童中普遍存在,原因不明.
- 语言网络中的神经连接在神经类型个体中得到了很好的研究,但在语言障碍儿童中没有.
- 关于神经连接模式及其与语言困难严重程度和子类型 (结构性与实用性) 的关系的证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同语言能力的学龄儿童表达,接受和执行功能网络中的功能连接差异.
- 探索护理人员报告的语言能力与神经网络连接之间的关联.
- 确定特定的语言困难子类型 (结构性,务实性) 是否与不同的连接模式相关.
主要方法:
- 在81名学龄儿童 (8-12岁) 中检查了语言和执行功能网络中的功能连接性.
- 根据结构性语言困难 (SLD),实用语言困难 (PLD),综合语言困难 (CLD) 和典型语言 (TL) 进行分类.
- 与护理人员报告的结构和务实语言技能相关的神经连接模式.
主要成果:
- 与语言困难的儿童相比,在典型语言 (TL) 对照中观察到越来越多的跨半球连接的趋势.
- 在较高的结构和务实语言得分之间发现了显著的关联,在双边下额前和补充运动区域,小脑和前额前等区域之间增加了连接.
- 在语言分数中确定了双边上时和Heschl's gyrus等区域的连接性之间的正负相关性.
结论:
- 语言处理网络中的功能连接性减少可能是学龄儿童语言困难的基础.
- 神经连接的特定模式与语言挑战的程度和亚型有关.
- 研究结果强调了神经网络完整性对典型语言发展的重要性.
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