结核菌菌的遗传特征从被囚禁的动物园动物中分离出来
Payal Soni1, Jitendra Singh1,2, Bhartendu Vimal3
1Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Saket Nagar, Bhopal, MP, India.
EcoHealth
|July 8, 2025
概括
囚禁动物的动物性结核病主要是由Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC) 引起的,表现出与人类菌株相似的耐药性和遗传模式. 这凸显了印度反向动物性传染的潜力.
科学领域:
- 兽医微生物学 兽医微生物学
- 动物传播疾病 动物传播疾病
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
背景情况:
- 动物传播性结核病 (TB) 是一个重大的公共卫生问题,可能会破坏全球结核病消除工作.
- 了解动物中Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC) 的遗传多样性和耐药性,对于控制结核病传播至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查来自印度被捕野生动物的MTBC分离物的遗传多样性和耐药性概况.
- 评估这些动物隔离物作为反向动物传播源的潜力.
主要方法:
- 从动物组织样本中培养菌种的分离和分子鉴定 (mPCR,Xpert-Ultra,TrueNat).
- 药物敏感性测试 (表型和分子) 和MTBC分离物的基因型 (Spoligotyping).
- 对遗传多样性和耐药性模式的分析,将其与人类结核病种群进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在67个样本中,44个是培养阳性,产生38个MTBC和6个非结核性菌根菌 (NTM) 隔离物.
- 二十八个MTBC分离物 (73.69%) 具有泛敏感性;9个 (23.68%) 呈现异化物单抗性;1个 (2.63%) 呈现利芬素单抗性.
- 基因型鉴定发现27个单独体 (71.05%) 为"孤儿",10个 (26.32%) 为CAS1_DELHI (SIT 375),1个未识别.
结论:
- 结核菌菌是养殖动物中动物性结核病的主要原因,其耐药性和遗传模式与人类菌株相似.
- 受MTBC感染的囚禁动物在印度对人类逆转动物性传染构成潜在风险.
- 需要综合的监测和控制策略,以解决动物和人类群体中动物性结核病的问题.
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