检查慢性疾病和低SES的负担,以确定需要的农村县
Gabriel A Benavidez1, Emma Boswell, Peiyin Hung
1Author Affiliations: Department of Public Health, Baylor University, Waco, Texas (Dr Benavidez) and Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Rural and Minority Health Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina (Ms Boswell, Dr Hung, and Dr Crouch).
美国的高需求农村县集中在东南部,面临着严重的慢性疾病和低社会经济地位 (SES) 的挑战. 这些地区对医疗保健的距离更大,这表明服务不足的人口的接入障碍.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 农村健康差异 农村健康差异
- 地理空间分析的研究.
背景情况:
- 美国的农村县经常面临着高慢性病患率和低社会经济地位 (SES) 的双重负担.
- 确定这些急需地区对于有针对性的干预和资源分配至关重要,以解决健康差异.
研究的目的:
- 确定和描述美国农村县的慢性病的联合高患病率和低社会经济地位 (SES).
- 分析这些高需要的农村县的地理和社会人口特征.
- 检查医疗保健获取的差异,以确定高需要的农村人口.
主要方法:
- 利用2023年PLACES数据集用于慢性疾病流行率和2020年美国社区调查SES指标.
- 根据疾病流行率和SES,将县分为三级,创建一个复合得分来定义需求水平.
- 使用ArcGIS Pro进行映射和空间自相对应,使用量子回归来分析医疗保健准入.
主要成果:
- 在1934年分析的县里,确定了534个高需要的农村县,主要位于美国东南部.
- 高需求县显示非西班牙裔黑人居民比例明显高,并且表现出地理聚类.
- 这些县对医疗保健设施的距离更大,这意味着存在大量的进入障碍.
结论:
- 长期疾病负担和SES的地理差异被确定,需要高的地区集中在农村东南部.
- 一个可复制的框架有效地确定了面临重叠的健康和社会经济挑战的农村县.
- 调查结果支持优先考虑资源分配和指导政策,以改善服务不足的农村社区的获取和成果.
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