植物特征对作为家养或野生管理的草食类型的反应
Clémentine Mutillod1, Elise Buisson1, Laurent Tatin1
1Avignon Université, IMBE Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, Site Agroparc BP 61207, 84911 Cedex 09, Avignon, France.
Journal of environmental management
|July 8, 2025
概括
用野马重新放牧保留了与养羊放牧相似的植物特征.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 植物生态学植物生态学
背景情况:
- 重生努力越来越多地使用野生食草动物,但它们对生物多样性和生态系统功能的影响需要更多的研究,而不是与国内食草动物相比.
- 法国普雷瓦尔斯基马 (Equus ferus przewalskii) 的半野生种群为研究"野生"放牧管理提供了独特的机会.
- 了解植被的功能特征对于重新野生化项目的成功和概括发现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较"野生"马,养马和养羊对植物社区和种群功能特征的影响.
- 评估"野生"放牧管理是否影响植被功能特征不同于家用放牧.
- 提供关于草食动物选择和管理的反野生化项目决策的见解.
主要方法:
- 利用TRY数据库和植物调查来分析植物群落.
- 选择了四种指标物种用于现场测量功能特征.
- 在三个放牧系统下比较了植被特征:"野生"马,养马和养羊,在同等的放牧压力下.
主要成果:
- 所有的牧场系统,无论草食类型或管理如何,都保持着类似的草地植物群落,其中占主导地位的是具有特定营养和生命历史特征的多年生,多树木植物.
- 在牧场系统之间观察到功能丰富性和特定特征 (例如,叶片类型,生命形式) 的显著差异,其中"野生"马表现出更多的 chamaephyte 物种.
- 测量特征的特定变异性并没有在研究的物种中显示出一致的模式.
结论:
- 马的"野生"管理为保护和重新野生化提供了可行的替代方案,保持了关键的植被功能特征.
- 虽然整体的植物群落结构得到保护,但特定的特征差异突出了不同牧场管理策略的细微影响.
- 功能特征方法对于指导生态系统管理和恢复野生的举措有价值.
相关概念视频
Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores
26.9K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
26.9K
Predator-Prey Interactions
19.2K
Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
19.2K
Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores
13.2K
Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
13.2K
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
19.8K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
19.8K
Responses to Gravity and Touch
38.9K
Gravitropism: Plant Responses to Gravity
38.9K
Cell Signaling in Plants
5.8K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.8K


