西部马类脑炎病毒与PCDH10受体的接触的结构基础
Shengjian Liang1, Yan Yang2, Yixiao Liu1
1School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Nature communications
|July 8, 2025
概括
西方马脑炎病毒 (WEEV) 使用PCDH10作为受体,但一些菌株失去了这种能力. 这项研究揭示了WEEV-PCDH10结构,确定了关键的结合残留物,并为抗病毒开发提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 西部马类脑炎病毒 (WEEV) 导致人类和马类动物的严重神经疾病.
- PCDH10被确定为WEEV的一般受体,尽管受体使用在病原性和非病原性菌株之间有所不同.
- 病毒性WEEV菌株也可以利用VLDLR和ApoER2作为替代受体.
研究的目的:
- 确定WEEV与其受体PCDH10结合的结构基础.
- 阐明WEEV和PCDH之间的分子相互作用10.
- 了解WEEV改变受体使用的基础机制.
主要方法:
- 使用冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 确定了WEEV病毒样粒子 (VLPs) 的结构,这些粒子与人体PCDH10细胞外阴重复1-2 (EC1-EC2) 复合在一起.
- 高分辨率结构分析在2.99 Å.
- 用于研究特定氨基酸残留在受体结合中的作用,采用了位点定向突变发生.
主要成果:
- 冷-EM结构显示,PCDH10的EC1域插入到WEEV VLP尖端的特定裂中.
- PCDH10的EC2域与WEEV VLP没有直接相互作用.
- 突变性发现E2残留153对PCDH10结合至关重要;一个特定的突变 (E2Q153L) 恢复了非致病菌株的结合.
- 在鸟类PCDH10的89位处发现氨酸残留物,对于与Imperial-181菌株的相互作用至关重要.
结论:
- 该研究提供了WEEV-PCDH10复合物的高分辨率结构,详细介绍了分子相互作用.
- 已经确定了病毒和受体中的关键残留物,解释了差异性的结合亲缘关系.
- 这些发现提高了对alphavirus受体识别和演变的理解,为开发针对WEEV的新型抗病毒策略提供了信息.
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