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世界心理健康调查中的强迫症
Dan J Stein1, Ayelet Meron Ruscio2, Yasmin Altwaijri3
1SAMRC Unit On Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. dan.stein@uct.ac.za.
强迫症 (OCD) 影响全球4.1%,通常在成年早期开始,并且经常没有得到治疗,特别是在低收入国家. 早期诊断和并发症评估对公共卫生至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球心理健康全球心理健康
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 强迫症 (OCD) 被公认为是普遍存在的和损害的.
- 关于强迫症患病率,病程和治疗的跨国数据仍然很少,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
研究的目的:
- 描述全球不同地区强迫症的发病,病程,严重程度和治疗.
- 调查强迫症发病,持久性,严重程度和治疗的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自10个国家的世界心理健康调查数据 (6个高收入国家,4个LMIC).
- 通过面对面的采访评估了26,136名成年人,以终身和12个月的流行率,发病年龄,持续性,严重程度 (耶鲁-布朗强迫症尺度) 和治疗.
- 检查了社会人口统计学变量和以前的精神障碍作为潜在的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 综合终身强迫症患病率为4.1%,12个月患病率为3.0%,表明持续性.
- 发病通常发生在青春期或成年早期;大多数病例是轻度至中度的.
- 只有19.8%的人接受治疗,与高收入国家 (HICs) (40.5%) 相比,LMICs (7.0%) 的治疗率明显低.
结论:
- 强迫症是一个重大的公共卫生问题,在全球范围内经常被忽视和治疗不足.
- 早期诊断和综合性并发症评估是关键的临床策略.
- 解决LMICs治疗差异对于改善全球强迫症结果至关重要.
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