MOCHA向前迈进:从与中年黑人男性实施社区性慢性病预防研究中得出的发现和经验教训
Luis A Valdez1, Jeffery Markham2, Lamont Scott3
1Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ethnicity & health
|July 9, 2025
概括
彩色男性健康意识 (MOCHA) 计划显示,有望减少彩色男性的压力和慢性疾病风险. 尽管在参与者保留方面存在挑战,但该计划在完成该计划的人群中显示出显著的健康改善.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 基于社区的干预措施
背景情况:
- 美国的黑人男性面临着不成比例地高的慢性疾病比如糖尿病,心血管疾病和前列腺癌.
- 这些健康问题与慢性压力因素密切相关,包括种族歧视,经济不稳定以及社会性别角色压力.
- 彩色男性健康意识 (MOCHA) 计划是为了通过文化相关的讨论来解决彩色男性的整体福祉而创建的.
研究的目的:
- 评估两个干预模式的可行性和有效性:原来的MOCHA计划 (MO) 和增强版MOCHA+.
- 评估这些以文化为基础的计划对压力,慢性疾病风险因素和有色人种男性整体幸福感的影响.
- 确定未来基于社区的卫生干预措施的关键实施经验.
主要方法:
- 一项社区学术可行性试验随机将210名35-70岁的男性分为MO或MOCHA+组.
- 两组人都参加了为期10周的专注于压力管理和慢性疾病预防的项目.
- 在MOCHA+的干预中,与原始节目的内容一起,包含了文化适应的叙事对话.
主要成果:
- 完成了MO计划的参与者在自我报告的压力,BMI,焦虑和抑郁症方面显示出统计学上显著的减少.
- 当将MO和MOCHA+组组合在一起时,观察到压力和BMI显著减少.
- 高 attrition 率和随访损失 (最终样本大小为 38) 对该研究的可行性和可扩展性提出了挑战.
结论:
- 摩卡计划展示了作为一种有效干预措施的潜力,以减少有色人种男性的压力和慢性疾病风险.
- 在计划完成者中看到的显著健康改善强调了其潜在的影响.
- 未来的研究应该专注于可扩展的适应和完善文化定制的内容,以更好地支持结构上边缘化的人口和改善干预保留.
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