非洲农村小农户环境下的健康干预和挑战:一个范围审查
Evanson R Omuse1,2, Honest Machekano2, Bonoukpoè M Sokame1
1International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|July 9, 2025
概括
一个健康的方法解决了非洲相互关联的健康挑战,但对于小农来说存在研究差距. 需要更多地关注这些社区的粮食安全和气候变化适应.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 全球人口的增加带来了复杂的健康挑战,不成比例地影响了非洲的小农.
- 一个健康 (OH) 方法整合了人类,动物和环境健康,但缺乏对非洲小农环境的特别关注.
- 现有的OH评估和结果指标不清楚,阻碍了有针对性的干预.
研究的目的:
- 在非洲小农环境中批判地绘制一健康倡议的证据.
- 确定现有的差距和机会,以针对小农户量身定制的有效OH干预措施.
- 为未来的OH战略提供信息,解决非洲的关键健康和可持续性问题.
主要方法:
- 广泛的文献搜索产生了1479个引用.
- 包括标准导致了对来自11个非洲国家的21项研究的最终审查.
- 分析重点关注利益相关者的参与,疾病重点,并确定了OH结果.
主要成果:
- OH的举措涉及各种利益相关者,主要是联合国机构,CGIAR,非政府组织和大学.
- 大多数研究集中在动物传染病上,对粮食安全,气候变化,抗菌药物抵抗和性别平等的关注有限.
- 关键的OH结果包括能力建设,风险减轻,改善健康/福祉和生态系统弹性.
结论:
- 非洲的OH倡议必须优先考虑小农的需求,强调粮食安全,安全和适应气候变化.
- 实施的挑战包括治理薄弱,沟通不良,社区参与有限,资源不足等.
- 标准化OH发展框架和协调的结果指标对于有效的评估和影响至关重要.
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