饮食中NDF/NFC比率对体外发酵,甲排放和微生物群体组成的影响
Jichao Li1,2, Feng Guan1,2, Pengyu Liu1,2
1Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Frontiers in veterinary science
|July 9, 2025
概括
在奶牛的饮食中增加中性清洁剂纤维 (NDF) 与非纤维碳水化合物 (NFC) 的比例,增加了每种降解干燥物质的甲产量. 这种饮食转变还减少了营养降解和总挥发性脂肪酸的减少,改变了肠微生物群落.
科学领域:
- 流体微生物学 流体微生物学
- 动物营养动物营养
- 在体外发酵研究.
背景情况:
- 食纤维成分显著影响乳牛的功能和甲排放.
- 了解中性清洁剂纤维 (NDF) 与非纤维碳水化合物 (NFC) 的比率对于优化乳头发酵和减轻环境影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究不同NDF/NFC比率对体外小羊肉发酵参数的影响.
- 评估NDF/NFC比率对乳牛中甲产量和肠微生物群体组成的影响.
主要方法:
- 在实验室中,使用五种不同的NDF/NFC比率 (0.48至1.12) 的饮食进行了黄皮发酵.
- 测量包括气体产量,营养物质降解率 (DM,NDF,ADF),挥发性脂肪酸 (VFA) 度和微生物原蛋白 (MCP) 产量.
- 使用实时定量PCR和Illumina MiSeq对细菌和考古社区的测序来分析体微生物群的组成.
主要成果:
- 增加NDF/NFC比率线性降低了总气体产量和营养物质降解率 (DM,NDF,ADF).
- 每单位降解干燥物质的甲产量随着较高的NDF/NFC比率而显著增加.
- 乙酸,乳酸和乙酸与酸的比率增加,而酸,异酸,异酸和总挥发性脂肪酸 (TVFA) 减少.
- 微生物原蛋白 (MCP) 产量在低NDF/NFC组中较高,无氧真菌的丰度随着更高的比例而增加.
- 细菌和考古社区的多样性和组成受到NDF/NFC比率的显著改变,特定的细菌 (Firmicutes,Proteobacteria) 和考古 (Methanobacteriales,Methanomicrobiales) 类型的变化.
结论:
- 较高的食NDF/NFC比率促进了在体外转黄发酵中每降解干物质的甲产量增加.
- 较高的NDF/NFC比率导致营养降解和较低的TVFA度.
- 饮食中的NDF/NFC比率显著影响肠细菌和古物社区结构,影响发酵结果.
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