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为结核病检测采集舌头扫描与唾液的偏好:一项多国调查
Kingsley Manoj Kumar1, April Borkman2, Ashley Kim3
1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|July 9, 2025
概括
大多数疑似结核病 (TB) 患者更喜欢非侵入性舌头拭子,而不是唾液收集用于诊断. 这种偏好支持舌头扫描作为改善TB检测对所有人的可访问性的一种方式.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 传染病诊断 传染病诊断 传染病诊断
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 诊断的唾液采集对弱势群体,包括儿童,艾滋病毒感染者和唾液产生不良的人来说具有挑战性.
- 基于舌头拭子的分子测试为结核病诊断提供了一个不那么侵入性和潜在的更可接受的替代方案.
- 与传统的唾液采集相比,舌头拭子检测的可接受性存在有限的以个人为中心的研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估在疑似结核病 (TB) 患者中接受和偏好舌头抽样与唾液采集的可接受性.
- 评估舌头扫描诊断的潜力,以克服结核病检测中的障碍.
- 收集多个国家的不同人口和临床群体的诊断偏好数据.
主要方法:
- 在八个国家进行了一项实用性调查,在初级保健设施中对个人进行了假定结核病的调查.
- 参与者为结核病检测提供了舌头拭子和唾液样本.
- 一个5-10分钟的调查捕捉了参与者对采样方法的偏好.
主要成果:
- 总共有1297名参与者被录取,平均年龄为43岁;45%是女性,13%是艾滋病毒阳性.
- 显著多数 (61%) 倾向于采集舌头拭子而不是唾液采集 (22%),17%的人没有偏好.
- 在人口统计和临床亚组中,对舌头拭子的偏好保持一致,尽管观察到国家一级的差异 (南非的47%和赞比亚和尼日利亚的74%).
结论:
- 在可能患有结核病的个体中,观察到一种强烈的偏好是采集舌头拭子而不是唾液采集.
- 这一发现突显了舌头拭子诊断的潜力,可以提高结核病检测的可访问性,克服现有的收集障碍.
- 这项研究支持采用舌头扫描测试作为以患者为中心的方法,以改善及时的结核病诊断,特别是对于难以测试的人群.
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