可持续饮食和癌症:一个系统审查和元分析
Marina Kasper1, Mirna Al Masri2, Tilman Kühn3,4,5,6
1Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
EClinicalMedicine
|July 9, 2025
概括
可持续饮食显著降低了癌症发病率和死亡率. 这一系统性审查强调了健康饮食对个人健康和地球福祉的双重好处,为癌症预防提供了一个重要的策略.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 不健康的饮食模式导致非传染性疾病和全球癌症负担.
- 粮食系统显著加剧了环境挑战.
- 研究可持续饮食对癌症的影响对于公共卫生和环境可持续性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析关于可持续饮食与癌症发病率或死亡率之间的关联的观察性研究.
- 评估可持续饮食模式对癌症结局的综合影响.
- 探索这种关联的潜在修饰因素.
主要方法:
- 系统审查和对17项有超过220万参与者的观察性研究的元分析.
- 在 2025 年 2 月 28 日之前搜索了多个数据库 (PubMed,科学网,EMBASE,科克兰图书馆).
- 使用随机效应模型进行聚合估计和电子值进行混评估;预先注册在PROSPERO (ID CRD42024545102).
主要成果:
- 坚持可持续饮食与癌症发病率 (RE = 0.93) 和癌症死亡率 (HR = 0.88) 的显著降低有关.
- 亚组分析显示,影响因研究区域,设计,可持续性指标和饮食评估指数而改变.
- 高异质性和潜在的残留混导致证据质量的低GRADE评估.
结论:
- 综合证据将可持续饮食与减少癌症发病率和死亡率联系在一起,支持它们在癌症预防中的作用.
- 可持续的饮食提供了双重的健康和环境效益.
- 这项研究强调了饮食研究中需要标准化的可持续性指标的需要.
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