早产婴儿早期喘息的危险因素:一项回顾性队列研究
Xun Chen1, Minjing Yang2, Jun Xie1
1Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Frontiers in pediatrics
|July 9, 2025
概括
过早出生的婴儿面临着更高的风险早期喘息,较低的妊娠年龄增加发病率. 诸如极度早产婴儿的小至妊娠年龄 (SGA) 和中度早产婴儿的男性性别/家族过敏史等因素是显著的风险因素.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 新生儿科学 新生儿科学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 儿童的反复喘息是复杂的,早产是潜在的促成因素.
- 早产婴儿的早期喘息情况尚不清楚,因此需要进一步调查相关的风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 分析早产婴儿早期喘息的发生率和危险因素.
- 为了比较不同妊娠年龄组的喘息发病率.
主要方法:
- 这是一项包括从2007年至2013年间出生于中国广西八家医院的1,616名儿童的队列研究.
- 根据妊娠年龄,儿童被分为三组:GA ≤32周 (A组),32
- 通过电话或问卷进行了随访,直到生命的第六年,以评估早期喘息.
主要成果:
- 早期喘息的发生率在A组 (GA ≤32周) 中最高,其次是B组 (32-37周),在C组 (满期) 中最低.
- 在A组中,较小的孕期婴儿 (SGA) 的比例较高,患有早期喘息 (P < 0.05).
- 在B组中,男性性别 (95%CI: 1.611-4.601) 和家族过敏史 (95%CI: 1.222-3.411) 被确定为早期喘息的重要危险因素.
结论:
- 较低的妊娠年龄显著与婴儿喘息风险增加有关.
- 早产婴儿的持续喘息发病率高于预产婴儿的持续喘息发病率.
- 早期喘息的特定风险因素根据妊娠年龄而异,SGA对于极度早产婴儿 (<32周) 和适度早产婴儿 (32-37周) 的男性性别/家族过敏史是相关的.
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