选择小麦基因型是因为它们在夜间温度升高的情况下,在白天早些时候具有很高的口腔导电性,保持高产量和生物质
R Suzuky Pinto1, Jaime Garatuza-Payán1, Erik H Murchie2
1Departamento de Ciencias de Agua y Medio Ambiente, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Col. Centro, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, 85000, México.
AoB PLANTS
|July 9, 2025
概括
增加的夜间温度会降低作物产量. 这项研究表明,小麦在白天早些时候更高的口腔导电性提高了生物质 (Bm) 和谷物产量 (Yld),即使在热应激下.
科学领域:
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 气候变化的影响 气候变化的影响
背景情况:
- 全球夜间气温正在上升,影响作物产量.
- 夜间植物生理学及其对白天过程的影响还未得到充分研究.
- 了解口腔对高温的反应对于作物弹性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究夜间温度升高对小麦口腔生理学的影响.
- 为了确定提升白天早些时候的口腔导电性是否会改善热下的生长和产量.
- 评估小麦的口腔特征和产量组件之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在控制和夜间升高温度 (+2°C) 下种植十二种精英小麦基因型的田间种植.
- 在早上和晚上测量口腔导电性 (向轴和向轴).
- 评估口腔体的形态特征,生物量 (Bm),谷数 (Gn),千粒重量 (TGW) 和谷物产量 (Yld).
主要成果:
- 小麦基因型具有较高的早期白天口腔导电性,表现出Bm,Gn和Yld的增加.
- 早白天口腔导电率增加19%,导致Yld显著增强 (43%在加热中,35%在控制中).
- 升高的夜间温度增加了白天的口腔导电能力,但降低了夜间的导电能力.
结论:
- 提高白天早些时候的口腔导电性显著提高在温暖的灌环境中小麦的生产力.
- 胃口密度和轴叶侧的大小对于气体交换至关重要.
- 通过高夜间温度调节口腔导电性,可以减轻产量损失.
相关概念视频
02:04Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata
29.1K
During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
29.1K
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.9K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.9K
01:57Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
26.4K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
26.4K
02:41Responses to Drought and Flooding
11.0K
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
11.0K
02:16Light Acquisition
8.6K
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
8.6K