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减少浪费的行为干预:对实验研究的系统审查
Brent M Wilson1,2,3, Magali A Delmas1,2, Deepak Rajagopal1
1Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|July 9, 2025
概括
行为科学为减少浪费提供了洞察力. 本综述综合了99项关于干预措施的研究,发现重点是个别行动,但呼吁进行系统变革以获得更广泛的影响.
科学领域:
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 环境研究 环境研究
- 资源管理 资源管理
背景情况:
- 浪费行为带来了重大的环境,经济和社会挑战.
- 现有的关于减少浪费的行为科学文献是零碎的.
- 全球废物管理系统面临中断,突出了有效干预的必要性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合实验性和准实验性关于减少废物的行为干预措施的研究.
- 检查使用的干预类型,它们的结构,测量方法和目标水平 (从个人到系统).
- 确定研究缺口,并提出未来的方向,以推进废物减少战略.
主要方法:
- 2017年至2021年间发表的99项实验和准实验研究的系统审查.
- 废物的广泛定义包括废弃材料和低效的资源使用.
- 对干预类型,结构,测量和目标人群的分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了六种常见的干预类型:教育/信息反,社会规范,经济激励,认知偏见/选择架构,目标设定和情感吸引力.
- 电力和水资源使用的干预措施是最常见的;食品和固体废物研究不足.
- 大多数研究都集中在个人和家庭行为上,尽管使用了现实世界的设计.
结论:
- 目前的研究大力强调个人和家庭废物减少,可能忽视了必要的结构和系统变化.
- 呼吁更多地利用社区层面和整个系统的干预措施.
- 建议对可扩展的测量工具进行投资,并加强研究人员,政府和从业人员之间的合作,以实现有效,可扩展的废物减少战略.
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