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两个平行血统的祖先对发育中的大脑有所贡献.

Carolyn E Dundes1,2, Rayyan T Jokhai1,2, Hadia Ahsan1,2

  • 1Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
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PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

在发育过程中出现了两种不同的神经祖先,形成前脑/中脑和后脑. 这一发现有助于产生特定的后脑运动神经元,并表明这些双重祖先的古代进化起源.

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科学领域:

  • 发育生物学是发展生物学.
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 进化生物学是进化的生物学.

背景情况:

  • 后脑对生命至关重要.
  • 一个普遍的模型表明,一个单一的神经祖先形成了所有大脑区域.
  • 不同的大脑祖先的起源和血统承诺仍然不完全理解.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究后脑发育的细胞起源.
  • 挑战单个原始模型的双重原始假设.
  • 为了探索大脑祖先的进化保护.

主要方法:

  • 对小鼠胚胎和人类多能干细胞 (hPSC) 的比较研究.
  • 在体外差异化测试以评估血统承诺.
  • 染色体景观分析以确定祖先身份标记.

主要成果:

  • 确定了两个同时的平行祖先:前神经外皮 (前脑/中脑) 和后神经外皮 (后脑).
  • 这些祖先在体外表现出的血统承诺.
  • 观察到与前脑/中脑与后脑身份相关的不同的染色质景观.
  • 成功地将hPSCs分化为后脑中5/6-特定的轮神经元.

结论:

  • 大脑来自两个不同的,受血统限制的祖先,而不是一个共同的祖先.
  • 这些双重祖先表现出独特的表观遗传特征.
  • 这种双原始模型可能已经保存了5亿5千万年,从半弦动物到哺乳动物.
  • 这些发现有助于在体外生成特定的神经元亚型,如后脑运动神经元.