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附近的逮捕和暴力犯罪是学生缺勤率的预测因素
1Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
PloS one
|July 9, 2025
概括
通过逮捕来衡量警务,显著预测了纽约市学校的学生缺席情况,特别影响了有更多黑人学生的学校. 附近的暴力事件对缺席的影响很小.
科学领域:
- 教育犯罪学教育犯罪学
- 城市教育政策 城市教育政策
- 教育社会学教育的社会学
背景情况:
- 学生缺勤是影响教育成绩的关键问题.
- 现有的研究经常将学校暴力与学生负面成绩联系起来.
- 警务活动对学生上学率的具体影响仍未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查警务 (逮捕) 和暴力 (暴力犯罪) 在纽约市公立学校学生缺席的预测关系.
- 检查不同学校人口统计数据中这些关系的差异.
- 了解警察和暴力对学生出席率的影响.
主要方法:
- 在六个学年 (2013-2019) 期间,利用了纽约市所有公立学校的每日学生出席率的大数据集.
- 通过逮捕数据和暴力通过报告的暴力犯罪统计数据来运行警务.
- 采用统计分析来确定警务/暴力和学校缺勤之间的关联,考虑学校的人口统计.
主要成果:
- 逮捕成为学校缺勤的重要预测因素,与此前文献中对暴力的更强烈关注相反.
- 逮捕的近距离显示出与服务于更大的黑人学生人口的学校缺席的明显关联.
- 在高中,学校附近的逮捕与上学率有负相关性,但这种影响集中在黑人或低收入学生比例较高的学校.
- 附近的暴力行为与K-8学校的缺席有很小的关联,但在高中没有显著的联系.
结论:
- 警务活动,特别是逮捕,在预测学生缺勤率方面发挥着重要作用.
- 警务对学生缺席的影响在黑人学生度较高的学校和高贫困地区的高中不成比例.
- 调查结果突出了解决警务对教育成果和学生出席率的不同影响的关键需要.
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