一种定量微生物风险评估 (QMRA) 方法,以确定水质指南,用于建筑物管道中的Mycobacterium avium复合体 (MAC)
Sayalee Joshi1, Hunter Quon1, Yun Shen2
1School for Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; The Biodesign Institute, Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Water research
|July 9, 2025
概括
本研究确定了Mycobacterium avium复合体 (MAC) 在建筑水系统中的临界度,以评估健康风险. 这些发现有助于识别问题状况,并为非结核性菌根菌 (NTM) 提供缓解策略.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 风险评估 风险评估 风险评估
背景情况:
- 包括Mycobacterium avium复合体 (MAC) 在内的非结核菌 (NTM) 在全球范围内对人类健康构成重大风险.
- 马克在饮用水中普遍存在,但缺乏确定的监测指南或水分和管道系统中的度限制.
- 高MAC水平,易受宿主和气溶暴露增加了感染风险.
研究的目的:
- 确定建筑水系统中MAC的基于风险的临界度.
- 建立一个框架来识别与MAC污染有关的有问题的情况.
- 为制定管道中MAC的缓解策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 使用了定量微生物风险评估 (QMRA).
- 用了一万分之一的年度感染风险基准,这是美国饮用水常见的基准.
- 对各种暴露途径 (吸入,摄入) 和人群 (儿童,免疫受损者,一般人群) 计算了临界MAC度.
主要成果:
- 在八种暴露场景中确定了关键的MAC度.
- 在一般人群中通过吸入 (∼10−2到103 CFU/L) 发现了较低的中位数临界度,而在儿童和免疫受损人群中 (∼100到102 CFU/L) 发现的摄入途径相比较低.
- 淋浴的使用被确定为建筑物管道吸入风险的主要贡献者.
结论:
- 本研究提供了一个基于风险的框架,用于评估建筑水中的MAC暴露.
- 这些发现凸显了在管道系统中监测和管理MAC的必要性.
- 确定的临界度可以指导公共卫生干预和风险管理策略.
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