饮食模式对抑郁和焦虑与认知功能相关性的适度影响
Hilal Salim Said Al Shamsi1, Samantha L Gardener2, Hamid R Sohrabi3
1Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|July 9, 2025
概括
饮食模式影响老年男性的认知功能,地中海饮食影响注意力,西方饮食影响整体认知,特别是与抑郁或焦虑症状相结合时.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 营养精神病学 营养精神病学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 像饮食这样的可修改的风险因素是理解阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 认知衰退的关键.
- 心理健康症状 (抑郁,焦虑) 和饮食可能与老年人的认知功能相互作用.
- 性别特定的差异可能会影响饮食,心理健康和认知,需要分层分析.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食模式是否能缓和老年人抑郁,焦虑和认知功能之间的关系.
- 探索饮食,心理健康和认知之间的性别特定关联.
- 确定潜在的饮食干预措施,以促进老龄人口的认知健康.
主要方法:
- 从澳大利亚成像,生物标志物和生活方式 (AIBL) 研究中对1174名认知无障碍的老年人 (年龄≥60) 的横截面分析.
- 评估饮食模式 (地中海,DASH,西方) 使用食物频率问卷.
- 评估6个领域的抑郁,焦虑症状和认知表现,包括AIBL临床前阿尔茨海默症认知复合 (PACC).
主要成果:
- 地中海饮食在男性中缓解了抑郁症状和注意力之间的联系;较低的坚持与较差的注意力和更高的抑郁症相关.
- 西方饮食在男性中缓和了焦虑和PACC分数之间的关联;更高的坚持与更糟糕的PACC分数与更大的焦虑有关.
- 在女性中没有发现地中海或西方饮食的显著缓和作用,也没有在任何性别中观察到DASH饮食的任何影响.
结论:
- 饮食模式对老年男性的认知功能有不同的影响,受心理健康状况的影响.
- 这些发现强调了性别特定研究在理解饮食,心理健康和认知轨迹方面的重要性.
- 需要进一步的纵向和干预研究来证实因果关系,并为有针对性的策略提供信息.
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