在随机重置下,活跃的布朗粒子的最佳首次通过时间
Yanis Baouche1, Christina Kurzthaler1,2,3
1Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany. baouche@pks.mpg.de.
Soft matter
|July 10, 2025
概括
这项研究研究了活跃的布朗粒子,它们在随机重置时达到边界. 重置可以根据初始方向减少或增加首次通道时间,最佳速率随距离变化而变化.
科学领域:
- 统计物理 统计物理
- 软物质物理学 软物质物理学
- 非平衡系统 非平衡系统
背景情况:
- 活跃的布朗粒子表现出自我推进和旋转扩散.
- 随机重置通过定期将粒子返回到参考状态来修改粒子轨迹.
- 第一通道时间 (FPT) 属性对于理解复杂系统中的运输现象至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析一个二维活跃的布朗粒子在位置和方向的随机重置下向吸收墙的第一通道时间属性.
- 为了获得关键的FPT可观测值的分析表达式,包括生存概率和时刻.
- 研究初始定位和重置策略对FPT特征的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用更新框架来建模随机重置过程.
- 对于小的Péclet数,使用了扰动方法,量化了自我推进与扩散的比率.
- 对生存概率,FPT概率密度和低阶时刻的分析解决方案得到了推导.
主要成果:
- 与被动粒子相比,最小的FPT平均值可以减少或增强,这取决于活性粒子的初始方向.
- 最佳的重置速率对边界的初始距离具有非微不足道的依赖性.
- 重置,旋转布朗运动和主动推进之间的相互作用决定了观察到的FPT行为.
结论:
- 随机重置提供了一个可调节的机制来控制活性粒子的首次通道时间动态.
- 目标的初始方向和距离是影响重置策略有效性的关键因素.
- 这项工作为在重置的情况下活性物质的非平衡动态提供了基本的见解.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Mean free path and Mean free time
4.0K
Consider the gas molecules in a cylinder. They move in a random motion as they collide with each other and change speed and direction. The average of all the path lengths between collisions is known as the "mean free path."
4.0K
Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation
396
Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers...
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers...
396
Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics
751
Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting...
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting...
751
Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Residence Time
281
According to statistical moment theory, mean residence time (MRT) is an important measure in pharmacokinetics. MRT can be defined as the expected mean of a probability density function distribution. It provides valuable insights into drug disposition in the body.
After the administration of a drug through intravenous bolus injection, the drug molecules are distributed throughout the body and remain there for varying periods. The MRT represents the average time these drug molecules stay in the...
After the administration of a drug through intravenous bolus injection, the drug molecules are distributed throughout the body and remain there for varying periods. The MRT represents the average time these drug molecules stay in the...
281
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium
7.1K
Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If...
7.1K
Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving
1.8K
Individual molecules in a gas move in random directions, but a gas containing numerous molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds, which is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, f(v).
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
1.8K


