美国黑色素瘤发病率模式的社会经济影响,分阶段
Trisha Lal1,2, Weichuan Dong3,4,5, Siran M Koroukian2,3,4
1Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
Journal of surgical oncology
|July 10, 2025
概括
更高的社会经济地位 (SES) 与更早的黑色素瘤诊断有关,但没有减少晚期病例. 这表明早期检测工作可能需要重新评估黑色素瘤.
科学领域:
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 黑色素瘤的发病率正在上升,在早期阶段 (近100%的5年生存率) 和晚期疾病 (35%的5年生存率) 之间存在显著的生存差异.
- 区域研究表明,早期黑色素瘤诊断的增加并不一定与晚期病例的减少相关,这质疑当前检测策略对人口水平的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究美国不同地区社会经济地位 (SES) 与特定阶段黑色素瘤发病率之间的关联.
- 测试假设较高的SES与早期黑色素瘤的增加相关,而不会同时减少晚期疾病.
主要方法:
- 在2004-2021年期间使用监测,流行病学和最终结果 (SEER) 数据对829,391名被诊断患有黑色素瘤的非西班牙裔白人患者进行了横截面分析.
- 回归模型评估了县级黑色素瘤发病率 (早期和晚期) 和人口因素之间的关系,包括SES,紫外线 (UV) 暴露,农业就业和农村-城市地位.
主要成果:
- 较高SES县的早期黑色素瘤发病率较高,晚期黑色素瘤发病率没有相应的下降.
- 观察到地理差异,美国西部和南部县的早期黑色素瘤几率增加.
- 农村县报告总体黑色素瘤发病率较低,而紫外线暴露和农业就业显示出不一致的关联.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,早期和晚期黑色素瘤可能表现为不同的疾病实体.
- 虽然查可以促进早期检测,但其在减少晚期疾病和整体死亡率方面的有效性需要进一步研究.
相关概念视频
Skin Cancer
4.6K
Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
4.6K
Cancer Survival Analysis
457
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
457
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives
2.2K
The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
2.2K
Pigmentation
2.7K
The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
2.7K
The Tumor Microenvironment
6.8K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.8K
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
544
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
544


